#24: Karpathy’s Software 3.0 & the Future of AI-Run Startups

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O P
June 19, 2025

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Andrej Karpathy’s Keynote: “Software Is Changing (Again)”

If you’re building anything in AI, this talk is a must-watch. At Y Combinator’s AI Startup School, Andrej Karpathy laid out the clearest, most thought-provoking vision yet of where software is headed and what that means for AI agents.

Key takeaways:

  • We’re entering Software 3.0:
    From:

    1. 🧮 Software 1.0 (handwritten logic)

    2. 🤖 Software 2.0 (neural networks)

    3. ✍️ Software 3.0 (prompted natural language programs agents)

  • LLMs aren’t apps. They’re computers.
    Karpathy compares them to early 60s mainframes general-purpose, powerful, and about to reshape everything.

  • This is the “decade of agents.”
    His strongest point: LLMs behave more like interns or junior coworkers than code libraries. You don’t program them you collaborate with them. “You vibe with them,” he jokes, “you don’t compile them.”

  • Human-in-the-loop is key.
    LLMs are fast, fuzzy thinkers. The best systems will dial in autonomy, letting AI handle 80%, and humans review the 20% that matters.

“We’re going from coding computers to conversing with reasoning agents.”

A full 39‑minute video of the keynote from YC’s AI Startup School

HeyBoss.ai Launches Full-Stack AI Teams

Forget no-code. HeyBoss.ai is going zero-code and even zero-effort. Their new “Boss Mode” creates your website, brand, growth plan, and integrates tools like PayPal, Spotify, Google Drive, OpenAI, and ElevenLabs all in minutes, powered by a full-stack AI team that works 24/7.

What makes it special:

  • You don’t get a tool. You get a team AI agents handling design, copy, dev, SEO, hosting, and even scheduling.

  • Built for creators, solo founders, coaches, local businesses anyone who wants to launch something before their coffee cools.

  • It comes with a HeyBoss AppStore to plug in functionality like e-comm, email lists, subscriptions, media hosting, and more no coding, no headaches.

“The world’s first agentic AI team that runs your business for you.” - Founder Xiaoyin Qu

Why it matters:
It’s a glimpse at how AI agents are transforming from back-end copilots into front-line teams. Instead of helping you work, they’re doing the work - for real. This is the kind of UX shift that could make “AI-first startups” truly mainstream.

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Other News headlines

  • C.H. Robinson Unveils AI Agent for Freight Classification: C.H. Robinson has launched a new AI agent to automate the classification of less-than-truckload freight, streamlining operations and preparing for upcoming national system changes. Source

  • Amazon CEO Andy Jassy on Generative AI: Amazon CEO Andy Jassy shared his thoughts on Generative AI, emphasizing the company's strong conviction that AI agents will transform how we work and live, with billions of agents expected to emerge across various fields. Source

  • Accenture Bolsters AI Refinery Platform with AI Agent Builder: Accenture has enhanced its AI Refinery platform with a new AI agent builder, enabling companies to rapidly develop and personalize AI agents for increased agility. Source

  • Reap Uses AI to Streamline Investor Engagement: Durham-based startup Reap has launched an AI-powered investor relations assistant that automates investor engagement by providing instant, accurate answers to shareholder questions across multiple channels. Source

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✨ Featured Agents

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🎓 Papers

  • Academic (arXiv): A taxonomy distinguishing narrow LLM-driven “AI Agents” from broader “Agentic AI” systems, mapping their applications and challenge. (Source)

  • Academic (arXiv): Paper argues that “AI Agentic” is often a buzzword for traditional autonomous agents and multi-agent systems, urging the field to leverage decades of existing multi-agent research rather than “reinvent the wheel”. (Source)

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